Il n y a aucun doute : l’émergence du web 2.0 a bel et bien changé l’organisation des entreprises, à tel point que les termes «social business », « social enterprise» ou « social workplace », (des termes qui n’existaient pas il y a une dizaine d’années de cela) sont désormais acceptés dans le langage courant. De plus, il est évident que ces expressions familières ont toutes un terme commun : social.
Contrairement à un temps presque révolu où on accomplissait soi-même (ou avec l’aide d’un ou deux autres collègues sympathiques) ses tâches quotidiennes au travail, le nouvel environnement social de travail demande un certain niveau d’interaction où les conversations et les activités quotidiennes nécessitent une collaboration intensive et davantage portées sur une notion de pairs. Ainsi, les connaissances sont partagées sans contraintes temporelles ni géographiques. C’est ce niveau d’interaction, favorisé par les outils sociaux, qui a poussé de nombreuses entreprises à adopter des approches innovantes ainsi que des stratégies qui influent sur les résultats de l’entreprise. Et c’est précisément ce modèle d’environnement social, où les individus et les outils sociaux se conjuguent pour créer et intégrer une expérience de collaboration, qui fournit les imputs et feedback nécessaires aux entreprises pour être compétitive aux niveaux local et mondial.
Malheureusement, avec ce nouveau modèle d’environnement de travail, les discussions ont lieu en 140 caractères, les documents sont créés en collaboration, et le contenu est archivé, mais on ne partage que très peu d’expériences et de connaissances. En conséquence, de nombreux dirigeants sont confrontés à des questions qui restent en suspens :
Il n’y a pas de réponse évidente à ces questions. Cependant, de nombreux experts et organisations se rendent désormais compte qu’une nouvelle ère se met en place : une ère ou le partage de connaissances et la collaboration sont des éléments cruciaux qui nécessitent d’être enrichis et développés de manière à s’accorder à l’environnement de travail actuel.
« Nous prenons conscience du fait que les gens se forment de plus en plus en dehors de cours et de cursus traditionnel et c’est ce qui alimente le social learning… Nous nous apercevons encore une fois que le contexte est vital pour apprendre et en parallèle, la performance dans un environnement de formation formel ne signifie pas nécessairement que dans un autre environnement, tel que sur le lieu du travail, la performance reste la même. Ce qui nous amène à nous concentrer sur les questions d’apprentissage au travail, de formation sur le lieu même du travail. Il est évident que l’apprentissage et le travail fonctionnent ensemble. »
citation de Charles Jennings Social & Workplace Learning Through the 70:20:10 Lens.
Autrement dit, si vous avez une entreprise sociale, alors la formation et les connaissances doivent l’être aussi. C’est-à-dire, un environnement de travail ciblé sur le social, sur le partage et la collaboration et qui doit être concentré sur le social learning.
Qu’est-ce que le social learning ? Il s’agit tout simplement d’apprendre avec les autres et grâce aux autres. Il s’agit d’un apprentissage naturel, omniprésent et un apprentissage de collaboration. C’est l’apprentissage qui provient des échanges de pair à pair et des interactions qui ont lieu tous les jours, ce que nous, les êtres humains, nous apprenons tous les jours depuis notre naissance. Le psychologue, Albert Bandura, connu pour sa Théorie de du social learning, le décrit comme étant la formation qui se produit lorsque nous observons et nous reproduisons les comportements de ceux qui nous entourent.
Pour que le social learning soit fonctionnel, chaque employé doit savoir qu’il est responsable autant de sa propre formation que de celle des autres.
Nous avons tous participé un jour à une sorte de social learning sur notre lieu de travail. Que ce soit pour rédiger un email de vente décrivant chaque étape de la conclusion d’une affaire ou tout simplement déjeuner avec un client dans le but de comprendre comment ils utilisent le produit que vous leur vendez, nous avons tous connus ce moment où nous avons appris quelque chose de notre entourage, que ce soit des connaissances ou des informations importantes. Il s’agit de connaissances qui sont utilisables immédiatement et utiles pour notre travail.
Cependant, si le social learning n’est pas un nouveau concept alors pourquoi ce phénomène a-t-il dernièrement produit autant de vagues ? Selon Tony Bingham et Marcia Conner, nous devons nous concentrer sur ce qu’ils appellent le new social learning: un apprentissage qui représente « un changement fondamental dans la manière de travailler, c’est-à-dire tirer profit de la manière dont nous avons toujours travaillé, mais en y ajoutant des nouveaux outils pour que chaque individu soit plus productif et qu’il approfondisse ses connaissances mais aussi pour améliorer les structures organisationnelles ».
Ils le définissent ainsi : « Le social learning moderne permet aux personnes à tous les niveaux de la hiérarchie et à chaque coin du globe de retrouver la capacité naturelle d’apprendre en continu. »
Ce qu’il faut retenir ici c’est : apprendre en continu. Autrement dit, le social learning n’est pas seulement le fait d’apprendre grâce aux autres, mais aussi d’apprendre en continu grâce aux autres au moment où le travail doit être fait. Il s’agit là d’une autre mentalité et non plus « apprendre » officiellement ou acquérir des connaissances au cours d’une séance de formation pour ensuite stocker ces informations et se remettre au travail. Il est temps de repenser les mentalités traditionnelles.
Le social learning nécessite autant une bonne compréhension de la culture d’apprentissage que d’être en possession des outils adéquats et d’être dans un environnement adéquat. Chaque personne doit savoir qu’elle est responsable autant de la formation des autres que de sa propre formation. Cela peut paraître quelque peu ardu, mais il existe déjà plusieurs entreprises qui pratiquent ce type d’apprentissage. Quelques exemples :
IBM
IBM est un référent dans cette révolution actuelle qu’est le social learning. L’entreprise s’est rendu compte assez rapidement que l’utilisation des outils sociaux pour le bien-être de l’entreprise ne suffit pas et qu’il faut essayer d’y ajouter l’apprentissage d’une manière ou d’une autre. Ces dernières années, l’entreprise a connu un changement radical dans sa manière d’apprendre, non seulement par la mise en place d’un système éducatif dans chaque département, mais également par le développement d’une large variété de communautés en ligne et de groupes spécialisés.
« IBM tente progressivement de développer le social learning afin de répondre à ce premier besoin d’une stratégie d’apprentissage. Plutôt que de développer intérieurement le contenu relatif, des experts de l’entreprise cherchent, produisent, publient, partagent et commentent les atouts afin d’améliorer les capacités de développement et de productivité. IBM a mis en place un système de communautés en ligne pour l’apprentissage et un système de balises sur les éléments-clés afin de rendre les connaissances plus accessibles. Non seulement cette stratégie a permis une réduction du temps de recherche ainsi que du coût mais a également accéléré l’intégration des nouveaux salariés.»
Citation de «Client Knows Best » paru dans CLO.
IBM est l’exemple parfait d’une société mondiale qui a réussi à tirer profit des diverses cultures de ses employés et de leurs connaissances afin de créer un espace de collaboration réellement dédié à l’innovation.
The Cheesecake Factory
Connu pour ses cheesecakes délicieux et l’ambiance élégante de ses restaurants, The Cheesecake Factory est devenu rapidement aussi célèbre pour sa réputation de «servir des medias sociaux aux menu de formation de ses employés » que pour ses mets fins. Lorsque Jeff Stepler, Vice Président of Organizational Engagement, s’est rendu compte de l’importance des stratégies de social learning dans le développement de l’entreprise, il a rapidement mis en place ce que nous appelons le Video Cafe : un portail informel qui permet aux employés de filmer, télécharger et regarder de courtes séquences générées par leurs collègues en lien avec l’environnement de travail, comme par exemple une vidéo pour expliquer comment accueillir un client ou comment couper une tranche de cheesecake. Non seulement cette méthode permet de réduire le coût et le temps qu’il aurait fallu pour produire un contenu de base, mais elle encourage un système d’apprentissage en continu où les employés continuent d’apprendre des astuces et des bonnes pratiques de leurs collègues. Et tout cela grâce à de petites séquences multimédias.
Vous pouvez retrouver une liste d’autres exemples d’utilisation du social learning dans le travail sur le blog de Jane Hart.
Maintenant que vous savez à quoi ressemble le social learning au sein d’une entreprise, comment pouvez-vous « capturer ces moments d’apprentissage » et les incorporer dals les flux de votre social business ? C’est là que la technologie peut jouer un rôle. Si le social learning implique que chaque employé soit responsable du développement de l’entreprise, alors chacun est formateur et chacun est un expert dans un domaine donné. Cet environnement de travail doit fournir à chacun les outils pour créer ces sessions d’apprentissage express, que ce soit par des séquences vidéos, audios ou des présentations, et permettre de les partager en les intégrant dans les flux de l’entreprise.
Pour en revenir à un exemple précédent, cela signifie que la prochaine fois qu’un de vos meilleurs commerciaux conclut une grosse affaire, il peut prendre cinq minutes pour faire un descriptif audio de la stratégie employée, expliquer les points importants et l’enregistrer un wiki, un google doc, sur l’intranet ou bien sur le RSE de l’entreprise. De nos jours, les outils sociaux offre l’opportunité aux employés d’apprendre encore plus et rapidement mais également de partager des informations et d’aider à développer l’entreprise.
Tant que vous suivrez ces conseils, vos employés continueront d’apprendre et l’entreprise se développera tout en économisant le temps et l’argent que vous auriez perdu en suivant un programme de formation traditionnel. Le social learning s’intègre à l’environnement de travail. En plaçant le social learning au centre de vos stratégies, vos employés continueront d’apprendre, de collaborer et de partager des connaissances au même rythme que l’innovation et le développement de votre entreprise.
|
Il était auparavant le PDG et directeur d’Everyone.net, un leader du marché dans la messagerie électronique de SaaS (Software as a Service) pour des petites entreprises et des fournisseurs de services aux utilisateurs du monde entier. Précédemment, Michael a cofondé SAVID LLC, une structure de consulting pour les stratégies de médias et de communications. Il était le vice-président en développement de business et entreprises ; mais aussi le vice-président de DIVA Systems, pionnier international dans la vidéo à la demande. Il était le directeur général de Fresh Western Food. Actuellement, il est le partenaire technique de Dorado Ventures et le conseiller en affaires pour Pacific Community Ventures. Michael est titulaire d’un diplôme universitaire en sciences humaines de l’Université de Californie à Berkeley et un MBA de la Wharton School (Université de Pennsylvanie). |
Article republié avec la permission de CustomerThink.com (Copyright CustomerThink Corp).
Traduction:

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Just about every day I find myself embroiled in discussions about fundamentals of learning, the nature of knowledge and the processes of education. It comes...

Remembering Prof. Allan Tough (died 27 April 2012 aged 76 years) – a great man, a pioneer researcher into self-directed learning, a futurist, and author....

The big move we are in the midst of is towards an economy that is more centred on information products than physical products. Examples of...

Critical thinking is a “complex process of deliberation, which involves a wide range of skills and attitudes”. I first became aware of critical thinking as a...

All of us have at some point in our lives experienced performance appraisals where we as individuals were evaluated. This approach to judgment was the...

Horizontal networking often creates dissonance in the vertical enterprise The vertical structure of knowledge did not foresee the coming of horizontal networking tools now...

Learning Organizations: New ways of managing As companies grapple with the effects and opportunities of the Internet, social media and the smartphone, internal organizations are having...

The Internet is connecting customers, employees and communities and empowering them with information in ways never before possible. Taking decisions and managing organized activities are...

In this series of three articles, we first explored the experience of the individual, looking at how social capital is increasingly important: the ability to survive...

Lately I’ve been saying that you should cultivate learning in your organization as you might manage an ecological resource, like a forest, or any other...

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Executive Summary The world of branding has, over a very condensed period of time, undergone a virtual and very real revolution as far as both the...

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The last #eCollab's Blog Carnival poses the question of the learning organization and the mobilization of collective intelligence: In theory, everyone is for the learning...

In theory, everyone is for the learning organization or the mobilization of collective intelligence. How could you be against it? Would that make you in favour...

In this paper, I relate the conceptual framework of communities of practice to systems theory and I review the career of the concept of community...

In this series of three articles, i want to explore social learning from the perspective of the individual and the organisation in today’s workplace and...

Learning is social by nature Without going all the way back to the theories of Vygotsky or Albert Bandura, the simplest way to explain social learning is perhaps to...

The change towards the creative economy has major implications for the nature of what we have called assets. In the industrial age, the assets were...

"The real genius of organizations is the informal, impromptu, often inspired ways that real people solve real problems in ways that formal processes can’t anticipate....

The concept of a job, as we know it, is starting to go away. Over the last year I've been speaking with many corporate business and...

I’ve written before about the changes I see coming for organizations (e.g. here), and they’re driven by the changes I am seeing in business and...

“Social Business” is not about technology, or about “corporate culture”. It is a sociopolitical historical shift that is bigger, broader and much more fascinating. A new...

In this series of three articles, i want to explore social learning from the perspective of the individual and the organisation in today’s workplace and...

Continuous acquisition and application of knowledge, skills, and beliefs by individuals, teams, and the whole enterprise is an essential aspect of high performance organizations. However, barriers...

The world has changed — people now live and work in a world where Google gives the answers, where a mobile phone is the lifeline...

Yes, I know that Facebook has 23 million users. Yes, I see people on Facebook everywhere I look – on the trains, at traffic lights...

Previously: Introduction: Communities of Practice and Social Learning Systems: the Career of a Concept. A social systems view on learning: communities of practice as social learning systems A community...

I’m responding to the Ecollab’s question – “can we formalize the informal?”Yes, you can formalize informal learning. Formalizing informal learning doesn’t mean that informal learning...

To improve, we must know our biggest failings. In the training and development field, our five biggest failures are as follows: We forget to minimize forgetting and...

Jonathan Miles post “A group of would be friends”, reports a Twitter discussion last week that hinged around reasons why people do not engage with learning. Jane Hart...

A lot of problems in business could be solved if we could align the interests of employees and managers with owners. Is there a way...

"This isn't the Information Age, it's the Learning Age; and the quicker people get their heads around that, the better" Professeur Stephen Heppell's remarks appear...

Talent Management 2.0 These days, one ought to be a talent. Once declared as such, there‘s only one way: up – straight up the career ladder....

Performance in the workplace is shaped by individual capabilities, defined roles, knowledge and skills, feedback, and a motivation loop that includes the confidence that performing...

There is little doubt that the emergence of Web 2.0 and social networking tools have radically changed the way organizations do business... so much so...

Much fuss is made of class-size effects in schools, but I often get blank stares when I talk about the dangers of putting 10,000 people together in...

People on the front lines, doing nitty-gritty manual work, can teach us plenty about real collaboration. Two men walk into a bar... Even if they both wear...

I've written a few postings recently (notably Social Learning doesn't mean what you think it does) where I have tried to show how the fundamental changes...

In Tony’s previous post, “Tearing Down Cubicle Walls – The Rise of Social Learning In Business”, he mentioned some of the business issues driving the...

Is this your HR leader? Do companies need social media? Ever notice HR leaders shying away from this question, typically being led by the Marketing or IT...

I complete exactly 3 months at ThoughtWorks today. While this has been a momentous career shift for me, I may not have written a blog post on...

Learning professionals have long recognized that the majority of learning takes place outside the classroom, primarily because effective learning takes place contextually. An employee will...

There are two new rules for professionals with responsibilities in the generation and production of content for knowledge acquisition: Rule One: You are no longer in...

How does work really get accomplished in organizations? Work usually doesn’t get accomplished the way management sees it formally. The problem with formality is the fact...

I've recently read the post by Frédéric Domon at the Socialearning blog site. He describes in a very precise manner the origin and the consequences of the 70-20-10 approach...

The latest feedback shows that the contribution remains the question mark as to the implementation and success of an enterprise social network! Today, a rate of 20-25% of...

Our relationship with technology is changing the ways we live and work. We connect digitally with our mobile devices, social networking tools, and various computer...

I posted a while back about the way we tend to create knowledge silos in social media, giving the example below of knowledge related to BP during...

At some point in time I am sure we’ve all found ourselves with an answer staring us in the face, but we just haven’t managed...

If you haven't been hiding under a rock on the edge of Antarctica for the past few years, you've probably heard of social learning. If you've...

Is there a difference between learning and development? I ruminated over this question for a number of years as a Learning & Development professional, but without...

Forget all this talk about “Social Business”, “Social Enterprise”, “Social Organization”, “Social XYZ” – your business already is “Social” because by its very nature it...

Let us face it; we, as humans, are selfish, individualists, and undoubtedly clinging to any privileges associated with power. Goodwill and sharing among peers follow Nielsen’s...

When we think of about "Enterprise 2.0" since 2006, the year that Andrew McAfee coined the term, we see that there has been considerable experience...

In a recent post published on the Harvard blog, Bill Taylor notices the rise of the Teaching Organization, as an evolutionary step of the Learning...

No translation available Pouvons nous formaliser l’apprentissage informel ? Je vais donner mon point de vue en faisant un petit détour par le cycle de Dune...

It's likely that new start-ups in the coming decade will be intensely collaborative, but initially small and without training departments. Established organizations, large enough to...

There’s been much justifiable excitement about social media recently; are you on top of it? The recognition that learning is 80% informal suggests that we...

Ever sign up for a gym membership and not really use it that much? I know… I know this probably hasn’t happened to you. But,...

I’m still thinking about the concept of joining since I wrote my post last week Joining is Important to Social Learning. Other people have been thinking...

No translation available La formation est importante pour le fonctionnement et le développement d’une entreprise car sa mission est de développer les compétences qui lui sont...

Social media, I’m a fan. I blog, facebook and tweet daily, and love all of the additional resources and tools. But when an important social...

To benefit from social learning, build a culture that makes learning fun, productive and commonplace, a culture where learning is part of everyday work. Marcia Conner and Steve...

At the LAMS European conference I gave a talk in which I explored what we know about learning, and what I've deduced about social media. My conclusion...

Collaborative Enterprise’s blog carnival this month looks at formalizing the informal – are there ways to deliberately harness social media to foster learning without losing the...

No translation available Pour ce premier thème sur la formation dans l’entreprise, je vais aborder deux points qui me semblent importants, notamment pour les grandes entreprises...
Much has been told and written about the capital importance of knowledge in organizations, and the rise of networks-enabled enterprise emphasizes even more the role...

Productivity: The amount of output per unit of input (labor, equipment, and capital). Enterprise has for long understood, and applied, that training and education are an important part of its hunt for competitive advantages. ...

The nature of my work has changed significantly over the past few years. Some of the change is due to advances in technology while others...

In my previous role at BEA Systems/Oracle, I created and managed a Professional Services business unit for training clients on the implementation of Enterprise Portals...
a video from LAB SSJ

The latter 20th Century was the golden era of the training department. Before the 20th Century, training per se did not exist outside the special...

OK, so here’s the deal – if learning is work and work is learning, why is organizational learning controlled by a learning management systems (LMS)...

Ecollab will discuss Informal Learning. Can we formalize it? Can we Should we? How much? How? This is our own response, originally written by Harold Jarche and Jane Hart: If informal...

Simplicity and the Enterprise Most companies start simple, with a few people gathering together around an idea. For small companies, decision-making, task assignments and direct interaction...

When Canadian soldiers in Afghanistan return from patrol, they spend time relaxing together in small, tightly-knit groups and tell stories about the mission. There is...

With digital media becoming embedded in our lives, many of us will be connected to several online communities at any given time. The Web enables...

Telling people that we can “formalize informal learning” is a not so subtle way of saying, “it’s OK, you don’t have to make any fundamental...

Innovation I’ve really appreciated the many posts where Tim Kastelle and I have connected by sharing ideas. Tim says that innovation is the process of idea management, which makes...

A large portion of the workforce face significant barriers to being autonomous learners on the job. From early on we are told to look to...

“Hyperlinks subvert hierarchy“ - Article #7 of The Cluetrain Manifesto, 1999. The Net, especially working and learning in networks, subverts many of the hierarchies we have developed...

Once again, I’m learning from my colleagues, as yesterday I realized how important self-direction is in enabling social learning. Now I’m picking up on Jay’s post on Social...

Jay Cross, Chief Scientist at the Internet Time Group, is the author of Informal Learning: Rediscovering the natural pathways that inspire innovation and performance, which was...

One of the approaches to improving Customer Engagement and Experiences I’d like to explore is the potential to include customers, partners and suppliers in the Social...

From 17 to 19 November 2009 will take place one of the most important conferences devoted to trends and innovation in corporate learning. The theme of...

This White Paper provides multiple perspectives on social learning, in two languages and from various business cultures. Here, Social Learning can be viewed as the development of...

We are in the Learning Age. By using social tools, anyone can easily begin an active training course by developing its PKM. A first step in...
In my last post, I asked some questions about formalising informal learning. And answered them. If: you understand that formalising informal learning will have organisation-wide consequences you use...

In a previous instalment entitled “The Collaboration Curve”, I discussed the basic premise that over a period of time and as the use of collaboration...

Ecollab ask the question for their blog carnival: Informal learning - can we formalise it? Should we? How much? How? 1. Can we? Is it practical? Any...

At the beginning of the year, on January 2 in fact, I wrote about reciprocity. My hopes were that we’d begin using the behavior of reciprocity...

Formalizing informal learning is my research topic for writing class. It may very well be the foundation of my dissertation! Recently I posted the mind...

How do you assess whether your informal learning, social learning, continuous learning and performance support initiatives have the desired impact or if they achieve the...

No translation available Pour Thierry de Baillon, je cite « il est de plus en plus illusoire de vouloir considérer le savoir comme étant soit informel,...

When an innovation emerges, there always are two steps. The first one consists in integrating the innovation in the way we work. The second one...

Social learning — namely, the use of social media in the workplace to foster learning, collaboration, networking, knowledge sharing, and communications — has taken on...

No translation available Depuis plusieurs années, Mars a suscité l'intérêt des chercheurs. Des robots sont envoyés sur cette planète pour détecter des signes de vie et...

Is it me or does it seem that most vendors in the LMS/LCMS market still believe that with some smoke and mirrors, you won’t realize...

Quick Question: How easy is it to find another employee in your organization with a specific expertise? Let me ask the question again another way:...

Harold Jarche recently offered a framework for social learning in the enterprise to outline how the concept of social learning relates to the large-scale changes facing organizations...

The last few days in Hong Kong have been incredible -- I saw some great sights, participated in some interesting activities and backed all of...
The Social Learning is based on the sharing of knowledge between each individual people. Everyone can bring something into the knowledge pool of its colleagues. The fixed...

What do you think the typical manager might say if you told them their employees don't gossip and engage one another enough in social interaction...

I've often thought of social learning as a very culture dependent phenomenon. A few weeks back I read an interesting article by Thierry de Baillon, his...

What do we meet at the corner of Assertiveness and Cooperation? The Thomas-Kilmann assessment suggests that it's Collaboration. Their assessment, which is the basis for many others, explores different...

How do you approach working with others? What is your resonant mode? Here's my two cents: Competition - "I win if you lose." Cooperation - "I will agree...

I don’t recall having put together a blog post over here on the specific topic of capturing "Best Practices"; so after reading last Friday’s blog...

Now that I’m on a mission to merge the terms Social Business and Enterprise 2.0 and rephrase asCollaboration, I thought it would be a good...

@Ecollab asks, “Can we formalize informal learning ?” My answer, “We've been there, done that.” Except for perhaps compliance learning programs, formal learning processes are...

When we don't already know how to formalize informal learning, there's a lot to learn. We can welcome the challenge if the process of learning...

I am often puzzled by the way organizations and agencies tackle social media, as if conversational marketing and Enterprise 2.0 were living in separate worlds,...

For years training and development departments have struggled to compile the data they need to show value to their organizations. However, we will find ourselves...
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